Forceps
Medical forceps have been produced in a number of differing configurations. Endoscopy is a special medical examination of the interior of the body, usually through a natural body opening, by the insertion of a tube device. Gastroenterologists, surgeons, and other physicians commonly obtain tissue samples for biopsy when examining interior parts of the body using an endoscope. Modern endoscopes are usually flexible instruments comprising a fiber optic viewing system and a tubular channel through which biopsy forceps can be passed to obtain the samples. Biopsy forceps may operate in conjunction with standard endoscopes and may be inserted through the working channel, engage the mucosa, and either cut or tear the sample from the surrounding tissue. Biopsy forceps may include means for removing and storing a biopsy sample. Numerous type of biopsy forceps devices have been developed for in vivo medical diagnosis and treatment of various conditions. Such devices are designed for sampling tissue within the body, for example in endoscopic, laparoscopic and vascular procedures to retrieve biopsy samples for analysis and identification of tissue types. Coagulation forceps are known both of the monopolar type and the bipolar type, which use intermittent high frequency current. Kleppinger bipolar forceps, which are used in conjunction with Richard Wolf electrosurgical units, provide coagulation by the bipolar method during a well-known procedure for simultaneous coagulation of both the fallopian tube and the mesosalpinx. Obstetrical forceps have long been in use in the medical profession and known in the medical literature. Obstetrical forceps are utilized to aid in fetal delivery by allowing the physician to adjust the position of the unborn child's head during delivery. Obstetrical forceps also allow the physician to apply traction to the unborn child's head to assist in the birthing process. Obstetrical forceps typically grasp the fetal head in a tong-like manner and are used for assisting in the delivery of a baby. When needed, they can be a valuable medical tool to shorten or end the second (expulsion of the fetus) stage of labor, whenever to do so is in the best interest of the mother or the fetus.
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